丝穗金粟兰化学成分研究

目的对丝穗金粟兰Chloranthus fortunei的化学成分进行研究。方法利用多种色谱分离方法和波谱学鉴定方法对丝穗金粟兰中的化学成分进行了分离鉴定,并借助MTT法对其中得到的部分化合物进行了抗肿瘤活性的初步筛选。结果从丝穗金粟兰95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为迷迭香酸(1)、2′-羟基-4,3′,4′,6′-四甲氧基查耳酮(2)、卡瓦胡椒素A(3)、cycloshizukaol A(4)、白术内酯III(5)、4β-hydroxy-8,12-epoxyeudesma-7,11-diene-1,6-dione(6)、(8α)-6,8-dihydroxycadina-7(11),10(15)-dien-12-oic acidγ-lactone(7)、curcolonol(8)、11-hydroxyldrim-8,12-en-14-oic acid(9)、木栓酮(10)、异香草酸(11)、6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one(12)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(13)、莽草酸(14)、东莨菪苷(15)以及N-acetyltyramine 1-O-β-D-glucoside(16)。化合物4和5表现出微弱的细胞毒作用,半数抑制浓度(IC50)值在46～85μmol/L。结论化合物2、10、11、13～15为首次从金粟兰属植物中获得,化合物1～3、6～16为首次从丝穗金粟兰中分离得到。丝穗金粟兰中部分倍半萜显示出弱的抗肿瘤活性。     

基于LC-MS的甘草炮制雷公藤降低肝毒性的代谢组学研究

目的 观察甘草炮制雷公藤Tripterygium wilfordii后对小鼠血清中代谢产物的影响，初步探讨其降低肝毒性的可能代谢通路。方法 将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照（Con）组、雷公藤（Raw）组、甘草炮制雷公藤（Pro）组，观察小鼠肝组织病理变化，检测小鼠肝功能生化指标、炎症因子水平；利用液质联用（LC-MS）技术结合代谢组学方法，对各组间的代谢差异进行表征。结果 与Raw组相比，Pro组小鼠肝组织损伤显著改善，肝功能生化指标、炎症因子水平显著降低，表明甘草炮制雷公藤后可以降低小鼠肝毒性；共筛选出脂肪酸、磷脂酸、甘油酯、磷脂酰胆碱、胆酸等12个潜在生物标志物，主要涉及脂肪酸生物合成、甘油磷脂代谢、花生四烯酸代谢等9个代谢通路。结论 甘草炮制雷公藤可有效降低小鼠的肝毒性，其机制可能与调节脂肪酸代谢等通路相关，为其临床合理应用提供参考依据。     

基于三维实践平台的《经络腧穴学》教学新模式探讨

探讨基于实践平台的《经络腧穴学》教学新模式,以促进教学相长。《经络腧穴学》作为针灸推拿专业的基础课程,也是核心理论与实践课程。通过建立多个校内实践平台,如大学生针灸推拿技能协会、针灸推拿理疗室,推进校外医疗服务实践平台等,根据"理论-实践-再理论-再实践"的教学模式,优化课堂理论教学和技能实训教学,构建"课堂教学-校内实践-社会服务"的《经络腧穴学》三维教学实践平台。可有效调动教与学的积极性,提高《经络腧穴学》的教学质量,提高学生的专业理论水平和临床实践能力,对针灸推拿专业人才的培养起到积极作用。     

A Case of 45,X/46,XY Mosaicism Presenting as Swyer Syndrome

BackgroundSwyer syndrome is a difference of sex development that is typically associated with mutations in genes responsible for testicular development. It is speculated that some cases may result from cryptic 45,X/46,XY mosaicism leading to abnormal gonadal development. The presence or absence of a 45,X lineage is important for prognosis and management.CaseWe present a case of apparent Swyer syndrome associated with a 46,XY chromosomal complement in lymphocytes and 45,X/46,XY mosaicism on analysis of her noncancerous gonad. Gonadal histology was consistent with a 45,X phenotype.Summary and ConclusionThis case demonstrates the clinical variability in the presentation of 45,X/46,XY mosaicism and highlights the importance of thorough genetic testing that includes consideration of chromosomal mosaicism. We will discuss the implications of this diagnosis for management.     

Is Mode of Delivery Associated With Sexual Response? A Pilot Study of Genital and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Primiparous Women With Vaginal or Cesarean Section Births

IntroductionAlthough postpartum sexual concerns are common, limited data exist on postpartum sexual response. Furthermore, the physiological process of vaginal birth may negatively impact genital response compared with unlabored cesarean section (C-section), but this hypothesis has yet to be tested.AimTo (i) compare genital and subjective sexual response and sexual concordance by mode of delivery with inclusion of a control group, (ii) compare groups on self-reported sexual function over the past month, (iii) examine the relationship between laboratory measurement of sexual response and self-reported sexual function, and (iv) investigate association between obstetrical factors and breastfeeding and between sexual response and self-reported sexual function.Methods3 groups of cisgender women were recruited from the community: primiparous women who delivered via vaginal birth within the past 2 years (VB group; n = 16), primiparous women who delivered via unlabored C-section within the past 2 years (CS group, n = 15), and age-matched nulliparous women (NP group, n = 18). Laser Doppler imaging was used to assess genital response while participants watched a neutral and erotic film.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measures were change in flux units from neural to erotic video as a measure of genital response, subjective sexual arousal rated continuously throughout films, perceived genital response rated after films, and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).ResultsWomen in the VB group had significantly lower change in flux units than women in the CS (P = .005, d = 1.39) and NP (P < .001, d = 1.80) groups. Groups did not differ on their subjective indices of sexual response or in sexual concordance. Women in both postpartum groups reported lower FSFI scores than women in the NP group. No relationship was determined between FSFI scores and sexual response in the laboratory. Results suggested that genital trauma and breastfeeding may negatively impact FSFI scores, but they were not related to genital response or subjective sexual arousal as measured in the laboratory.Clinical ImplicationsResults underscore the importance of balancing objective and subjective indices of sexual response and function, especially considering the biopsychosocial nature of postpartum sexuality.Strengths & LimitationsThe present study is the first to apply modern sexual psychophysiological methodology to the study of postpartum sexuality. Cross-sectional methodology limits the ability to make causal inferences, and the strict inclusion criteria limits generalizability.ConclusionPhysiological changes as a result of labor and delivery may have a detrimental impact on genital response; however, these physiological differences may not impact women's subjective experience of postpartum sexuality.Cappell J, Bouchard KN, Chamberlain SM, et al. Is Mode of Delivery Associated With Sexual Response? A Pilot Study of Genital and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Primiparous Women With Vaginal or Cesarean Section Births. J Sex Med 2020; 17:257–272.     

Cutoff score of the traditional Chinese version of the short form of the pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire (PISQ-12)

ObjectiveThe short form of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) is a condition-specific instrument used to evaluate sexual function in women with pelvic floor disorders. The traditional Chinese version of the PISQ-12 (CVPISQ-12) has been validated, however the cutoff score has yet to be determined. The aim of this study is to establish the cutoff score for the CVPISQ-12 and analyze the risk factors for female sexual dysfunction.Material and methodsA sub-analysis of data involving sexually active women who sought consultation for pelvic floor disorders at a medical center in 2016. Based on the known cutoff value of Female Sexual Function Index, the cutoff score of the CVPISQ-12 was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Other assessments included 1-h pad test and incontinence-related questionnaires using the short forms of the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7).ResultsROC curve analysis showed a cutoff score of 32.5, with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 88%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.937 (p <0.001; 95% confidence interval: 0.895–0.979). The 1-h pad test (B = −0.266; p = 0.031), IIQ-7 (B = −0.378; p = 0.047) and age (B = −0.415; p = 0.001) were risk factors for sexual dysfunction in women with a score <32.5. However, age was the only significant risk factor for women with a higher score (B = −0.384; p = 0.035).ConclusionsA CVPISQ-12 score ≥32.5 suggested normal sexual function. For this patient group, age may be a more important factor associated with sexual function than pelvic floor disorders.     

Pain Catastrophizing,Fear of Pain,and Depression and Their Association with Female Sexual Pain

IntroductionPainful sexual intercourse or dyspareunia is a common complaint among women, affecting 12–21% of premenopausal women. Recent studies have begun to focus on the role of fear avoidance and pain catastrophizing (PC) in genital pain and have consistently highlighted the importance of psych-affective factors in sexual pain.AimTo establish the importance of PC, fear of pain, and depression for the development and maintenance of female sexual pain.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted in the United Kingdom to assess sexual pain at 2 different time points, in 2009 and 2013, in a convenience sample of N = 979 British women.Main Outcome MeasureWell-validated questionnaires including the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale, and the Female Sexual Function Index (recent and lifelong version) were applied.ResultsMultilevel modeling showed a strong increase of short-lived sexual pain over the 4 years (π₀₁ = –0.33; P < .001). According to the moderation analyses, only depression influenced the change in short-lived pain over the 4 years (π₁₁ = 0.46; P = .016). Similarly, only depression turned out to be independently associated with sexual pain when entered into the multiple regression model, as women reporting higher depression levels also reported more sexual pain (P < 0.05).Clinical ImplicationsClinicians should be aware that the mechanisms influencing short-lived sexual pain and changes in sexual pain seem to be different from the more enduring psychological factors that lead to the development and maintenance of “chronic” sexual pain.Strengths & LimitationsA very generic and unidimensional definition of sexual pain was used without information on pain frequency or intensity, and no information on the possible underlying (medical or psychological or both) causes was available. However, as far as we know this represents the first study to use repeated measures to assess how pain changes over a 4-year period and to explore the role of potential psychoaffective risk factors.ConclusionAmong the variables studied, symptoms of depression seemed to be the only independent predictor of lifelong sexual pain, overriding potential influences of pain catastrophizing or fear of pain.Burri A, Hilpert P, Williams F. Pain Catastrophizing, Fear of Pain, and Depression and Their Association with Female Sexual Pain. J Sex Med 2020;17:279–288.